Abnormal Psychology Essay

unnatural psychological science is a branch of psychology that deals with psychopathology and perverted bearing. super popular look is disruptive in classes unable to control tempers and deafening. Ab design Phycology is when more(prenominal) nonp atomic number 18ils thoughts argon causing them discomfort and they act on it. This will then allow soulfulness to be diagnosed work forcetally Ill. conventionalism psychological scienceSee more(prenominal) Satirical ele manpowerts in the adventure of Huckleberry Finn bear witness rule psychology is the body of work of the human behavior and the mind. It is stereo theatrical role in look that judges criteria atomic number 18 normal or unnatural. general psychology is a special K way to diagnose behavior by the ability to be Maladaptive. Two aspects make this flexible and common. Maladaptive to ones self is the inability to reach destinations, and to adapt to the e rattlingday demands of life. in want manner there is Maladaptive to smart set, the interference in social pieceing.(Spoor 1999) Being in either of these categories more or lessone would be diagnosed genially ill. Comparison of Normal and Abnormal psychologyNormal Psychology and unnatural psychology works together because they both are decisions made that the great unwashed chose to react to. In a normal setting someone thunder mug be sitting and exercise a book quietly. Then a nonher someone comes along and makes loud distracting noises that the person either chooses to adhere to or ignore. Abnormal psychology has worked let on more lines that were associated with normal psychology. Therapies and treatments are advanced, complaintes and carks are common and frequent, and studies are in depth. The root of normal psychology has attached itself to deviant psychology. The subject field of how a person feels, thinks, interprets, and be conducts is the root of both of these psychological paths and they are intertwined.Abn ormal Psychology EssayJeffrey Dahmer was a sex offender and serial killer chiefly among the geezerhood 1978 and 1991. He is well known for his severely unorthodox behaviors. Among his discloseward manners that are recognized as abnormal are paraphilia-specifically necromania and cozy sadism. Jeffrey Dahmers victims, whom were boys and men, stand uped from rape, violence, analyzement and in the long run their murders. Dahmers wordy progression of killings soon turned into an obsession, which would later land him in prison with a sentence for fifteen life terms or a total of 957 geezerhood in prison.Jeffrey Lionel Dahmer was born to Joyce and Lionel Dahmer in Wisconsin, and eight old age later moved with his family to Ohio. In his teenageder eld, between the ages of ten and fifteen, Jeffrey became more and more antisocial he was precise quiet and socially come forward-of-town from his family members and had signs of anhedonia (loss of interest in hobbies and interac tions with people). Discovered later, this behavior may have been caused by peers at check consistently mocking Jeffrey without him putting up every defense for himself.See more The 3 Types of banter EssayHis fetishes and discoveries of uncommon hobbies began in a biology class in 9th grade where Jeffrey and his classmates dissected a fetal atomic number 29. At the end of the class, Jeffrey collected the remains of the pig and returned to the field, deciding to keep its skeleton. Dahmers fascination with this initial mishap began to give rise and carry over to other animals, such as dogs and cats. In an interrogate with Stone Phillips Dahmer says, in that respect may have been some violence involved, some underlying sub conscious(p) feelings of violenceI just it was a compulsion, it became a compulsion. As this continued without his teenage years, Jeffrey Dahmer began to consume intoxi bumt regularly. In the kindred interview he admits, I was drinking a parcel durin g that time and just, I dont know, looking for some way to go out some fulfillment, some pleasure and I acted on my fantasies and thats where everything went wrong. Soon, his alcoholism, too, got out of hand and he became an alcoholic while still conclusion high condition.Jeffrey Dahmer attempted to attend college at Ohio State University, hardly his incapacitated of interest in attending classes combined with his heavy consumption of alcohol caused him to drop out after totally a quarter of a semester. During this time, his parents, Joyce and Lionel got divorced. Jeffreys start made him join the Army after dropping out of Ohio State, besides after a couple years, his alcohol line again caused him to be removed. subsequently universe discharged from the Army, Dahmer decided against facing his father so he decided to live in Miami, Florida where the majority of his time was spent in a hospital.In 1981 Jeffrey Dahmer was first arrested for national intoxication. In 198 2, Jeffrey went back to Wisconsin to live with his grannie. Late nights, alcohol binges, and belligerent behavior characterized his time living there. His grandmother was tolerant of his peculiar behavior at first, which included several crazy incidences she had piece a male pattern dressed up in Jeffreys closet, a . 357 Magnum under his bed, and she could seclude many a nonher(prenominal) instances where awful smells would waft from the basement.Dahmer once claimed that the terrible smell was from a squirrel that he had caught, kil take, and dissolved with chemicals. (Dahmers father was chemist, and this claim was made from Jeffery to his father it attends as though Jeffery told his father so that he would be grand of him). Jeffrey was arrested again in 1982 and in 1986, both times for indecent exposure. The randomness offense that he was arrested for in 1986 was for masturbation in front of devil young males.It was and twain years later that Jeffreys so-far-tolerant gra ndmother told him that he could non live with her anymore due to the many strange happenings. Jeffrey was arrested in the same year, 1988, for sexually fondling and drugging a young teenage boy (age thirteen) for this, he was put on probation for five years and for one year he was assigned to a work divergence camp where he was registered as a sex offender from the incident with the thirteen year old boy.Due to good behavior and a built up trust with the authorities, Dahmer was pa characterd from his work release camp two months early. Jeffrey Dahmer began killing at age eighteen, which was during the summer of 1978. Since this was after his parents divorce, Dahmers mother no longer lived at the same endure and his father was away for business duties. Jeffrey had brought a man over to the house offering to drink alcohol with him, and when the man tried to leave, Jeffrey beat him to death with a ten-pound weight to the bespeak.Dahmer did not murder again until nine years later w here he killed a man randomly after plectrum him up Dahmer said he could not recollect anything about this murder. After the second murder, Jeffrey Dahmers killings increased dramatically adding two more to the same year (1989), five the following year (1990), and several after that. On July 22, 1991 Jeffrey Dahmer was arrested for the alleged 17 murders (which would later be reduced to 15).Psychological run Jeffrey Dahmer is a unique human be who struggled with necrophilia, which is having sexual attraction to corpses. Upon arrest, officers lay down many severed heads, dismembered body partitionings, an altar made of skeletons, and several corpses. This makes Dahmer seem like a collector in a way, but I think that his collections go beyond what people might consider a just a fetish. Often, those who are diagnosed with necrophilia behave in this was because they potently desire to have full possession of and control over someone without the person resisting or refraining from being with them.I think this is a make do of what Jeffrey Dahmer dealt with in his life because he confesses it himself in his interview with Stone Phillips verbal expression, The totally motive that there ever was- was to completely control a person, a person that I set in motion physically attractive and keep them with me as long as possible, even if that meant just keeping a part of them. another(prenominal) reason for necrophilia could be a persons desire for increased self-esteem being attracted to a corpse was the only way Jeffrey could invalidate rejection.As we know that Jeffrey was teased and picked on when he was young and during his teenage years, I think that his murders and necrophilia are related to these ambitious times in his life. I think that once he established that he could have control over his victims, he went on a spot trip and began to obsess over the supremacy he felt when he was controlling someone. It is reported that during the times that Dahmer w as picked on and mocked in school, he never stood up for himself and never fought back.I think this led to an internalization of his feelings. He most likely built up some hostility to those people who tormented him and took advantage of him. Jeffrey Dahmer also began his attraction to males in his teenage years as he reports going to gay veto and bath clubs. The combination of his withheld anger and aggression towards his tormentors and the frustration that came from being attracted to men could have very well led to his outward aggression and finally to his killing spree.When Jeffrey talks about the things that he would do to victims, especially unembellished in his first crime, his pattern began to develop and it is in direct correlational statistics to these things he would seek out men (doing whatever it took to draw their attention), he would get them alone one way or another (either by bring them to the house or drugging them), and after having sex with them or taking advan tage of them in whatever way he found pleasurable he would kill them.While he found it pleasurable to partake in sexual encounters while them men ere still alive, Jeffrey Dahmer found himself even more attracted to the corpses of those men and he found it fascinating to dismember them and keep just a part of them. I conceive that this is where his necrophilia came from. In Jeffreys first murder we shtup see the power struggle where he desired to have sex with the man who cute to leave. Through his sexual desires, Dahmer channeled his anger that he was being rejected and he lashed out and beat the man to death in the head with a ten-pound dumbbell.This extreme behavior is what leads me to believe that he showed signs of sadism. A sexual sadist finds pleasure in inflicting physical pain on someone and watching him or her take. I also commode see that maybe Dahmer was frustrated with his sexual desires toward men and he felt his only way to backtrack this was to destroy the ro ot of the problem unfortunately, Jeffrey saw the men he was attracted to as his problem and in his desire to eliminate his problem he began killing the men who made him feel this way.In some ways, I am also convinced that Jeffrey Dahmer was satisfactory and could take full responsibility of the killings because of his strategic behavior. His victims and murders were not random. Dahmer was also able to recognize that he was not completely meet in his initial encounters with the male species and when those things were no longer enough for him, he started purchasing quiescence pills in order to first drug his victims so that he could then take advantage of them. If Jeffrey Dahmer was not sane and competent than this organized behavior would not be evident in his tendencies.In the interview with Stone Phillips, Dahmer says, After the second time, it seemed like the compulsion to do it was too strong and I didnt even try to stop it after that but before the second time, things had bee n building up stepwise going to bookstores, going to the bars- the gay bars, bath clubs when that wasnt enough, buying sleeping pills using it on various guys in the bath clubs. It just escaladed lento but surely and after the second time which was not planned, it was out of controlit felt like it was out of control.The way that he uses his actors line here implies that he does take responsibility and that he fully knew what he was doing as he says, it was out of controlit felt like it was out of control, he recognizes that he had the ability to make a choice and he chose to sexually victimize the men he was attracted to and then kill them. I am convinced that all of the things mentioned above lend themselves to his atypical functioning, but one thing that was not addressed was his parents role in all of this.Although they were divorced and parted during a time in Jeffreys life where he was having difficulties in other areas, I do not think that this was an issue or trigger to an y of his behaviors. In an interview Jeffrey really defends his parents saying that it makes him mad when people accuse them of playacting any role in his decisions because they were not even mindful of the type of issues Jeffrey was dealing with. From what Dahmer admits, we know that it was a gradual escalation of compulsive feelings that led to his abnormal behaviors. On November 28, 1994 while in prison, Jeffrey was beaten by an inmate and died from head trauma.Abnormal Psychology EssayAs many know Psychology is the study of the human mind, consciousness, and behavior. Psychology is also an enormous field of study and contains many sub divisions that pertain to more specific areas of the human psyche. nonpareil of these subdivisions is the study of Abnormal Psychology. Abnormal psychology focuses studies on an atypical function of any particular ball club, as to find out why these abnormalities occur. These conditions seat vary in how abnormal they are from barely noticeabl e to extremes that await special needs.Examples of these could be a mild case of depression (not as noticeable) to a severe case of Schizophrenia (extremely noticeable). Various examples will be addressed and explained but first, in order to fully understand the plow of abnormal psychology one must know the difference between normal and abnormal. (Mcleod) As individuals one decides what one likes or dislikes, but not what normal society is to like or dislike. Defining what normal is can be harder than one may think.See more Is the Importance of being earnest a satirical play essayResearchers have worked for years to clearly narrow normal with no luck in acquire a precise definition to relate human behavior to. Normal psychology is defined by the time, place, and people involved, thus making it difficult because culture changes with evolution and values. In order for one to define abnormal psychology, an individual must first define normal psychology. Understanding that normal ps ychology is outlining what are refreshing actions helps one understand abnormal psychology is dependent on the situation for a definition.Abnormal psychology is trump out defined as a deviation from what a group decides is acceptable or unacceptable. Psychologist use synonyms for abnormal, such as unusual or maladaptive, to define characteristic traits on a scale with normal in the centre of attention and barriers on each side of normal to compensate for the recurring abnormal behavior, any behavior past those barriers is considered extremely opposite of the norm and rare. There are few true experiments done on abnormal psychology because it is not ethical to manipulate an experiment to control certain conditions. find if something or someone is presenting normal or abnormal behavior depends on the object or the person. There are a few affable turnovers and sicknesses that better compare and contrast aspects of abnormal psychology to normal psychology a somewhat common rowdyi sm is Bi frozen Disorder. Bipolar Disorder, many wonder about what this illness is. This disorder was once draw as manic depressive disorder symptoms of this disorder include but are not limited to periods of deep depression which may alternate with mania.Mania is described as a unique state of mind in which a person may feel invincible or that anything in the military man is possible for them to accomplish (Abell & Ey, July). Individuals who suffer from bipolar disorder can go long periods of time without sleep or have the polar opposite and have extreme amounts of energy. There are approximately 1-2% of adults in the world diagnosed with bipolar disorder while scientists do not in so far know what causes the chemical changes in the ace they do know that this disorder does have a genetic component.Some scientists believe that bipolar disorder is linked with network connectivity in the virtuoso, it has been shown with neuroscience that neurocognitive abnormalities, particula rly in executive function tasks which link to the frontal cortex. However studies have shown that there are no major losses of grey matter in the cortex but there are several changes in the white matter (Ferrier, April). Another fairly common disorder amongst abnormal psychology is knock down syndrome. checkmate syndrome is a genetic condition which causes delays in physical and intellectual development. It has been analyse and found to occur once in every 691 births.A person who has Down syndrome has an extra chromosome so instead of having 46 they have 47 chromosomes. Down syndrome is commonly detected at birth or very shortly after, it is a disorder that can also be detected by genetic testing while the child is in utero. This disorder is confirmed by a chromosome study called a karyotype. A karyotype provides a visual study of the chromosomes grouped by their size, number and shape they are studied by examining blood and tissue cells. Scientists believe the cause of Down sy ndrome is that there is an error in the cell division this is called nondisjunction.Psychologists and scientists alike do not know why this occurs but it is known that this phenomenon occurs at innovation and there is nothing the mother could have done during pregnancy to avoid such from happening (National Association for Down Syndrome, 2012). These two disorders are caused by actual chemical and genetic differences in the brain where as the near two examples are illnesses that are linked to more subtle differences that are much less noticeable at first glance. Schizophrenia is a mental illness that makes it hard to tell what is real and what is not.People with this illness hear voices in their heads and serve ups times think people are plotting to harm them in some way. For this reason, they will seem agitated or will tend to separate themselves from society. About one percent of Americans suffer from this mental illness. People with this illness do not make sense datum when they talk and can sit for hours without moving. Familys that have loved ones with this illness are largely affected by this, because people with schizophrenia often times have difficulty maintaining a job and become very dependent on close relatives.Dyslexia is a reading disability that happens when the brain does not process or recognize certain symbols. People that suffer from dyslexia have a brain that takes longer to make connections and does it in more steps. Often times people with dyslexia have trouble matching the letter with the sounds and combination the letters make. When these individuals struggle with this step, it makes the remaining process of steps for the brain even more difficult. A majority of people with dyslexia are unfeignedly intelligent and can often times retain a lot of information but reading poses a real challenge for them.Dyslexia is actually very common today but is still widely considered a mental illness because of the brains connectivity issues. The se four examples show that abnormal psychology not only focuses the rare or uncommon disorders but includes even many of the vast common illnesses of today. Each of the disorders and illnesses listed have several approaches for healing and therapy, this is because of the diverse views and thought processes from each of the schools of thought give several alternatives. Each school of psychology has a different possibility of how the mind works and where mental disorders originate.Thusly, each school has its own way of addressing psychological problems. The most common schools of thought used in therapy are psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, cognitive, humanistic and biological (Mote, 2013). In psychodynamic theory, it is believed that mental disorders originate from tension between your conscious and unconscious mind. This is ordinarily caused by some kind of trauma, physical or emotional, from childhood. Psychoanalysis, a prolonged form of therapy that attempts to bring awarene ss to the unconscious elements of a persons mind, is the preferred form of treatment in the psychodynamic school (Mote, 2013).Cognitive-behavioral theory focuses, on the persons life as it is now the current and conscious thought patterns and behaviors (Mote, 2013). Basically, this school of thought focuses on what we are going through now and how that is affecting our mental health rather than trying to find a reason from the past. Therapy from this school focuses on how to change behaviors and will usually give homework to do before the next session (Mote, 2013). The theory behind cognitive therapy is that problematic thinking patterns, called cognitive distortions, are the excitant for psychological disorders (Mote, 2013).These are considered to be automatic thoughts rather than unconscious like in former schools. Therapy in this school consists of identifying and altering the cognitive distortions in order to bring a resolution to the disorder (Mote, 2013). Humanistic therapy focuses on the individual and their defining qualities, what makes them special and unique. Therapists of this school try to make their clients aware of their emotions, values, and motivations to bring about change to their psyche (Mote, 2013). One of the most Copernican parts of therapy in this school is the relationship between the therapist and their client.The goal is, establishing and maintaining a sense of acceptance and respect for the client (Mote, 2013), this is considered a trademark of the school and is one of the most valuable techniques a therapist can use. Biological theory believes that mental disorders are caused by the brains pathology, essentially saying that the brain itself is flawed and causing the problems (Mote, 2013). The most common therapy for this is the use of medications, called pharmacotherapy only a physician can prescribe these medications.Most of the medications focus on neural transmitter points and work to either increase or reducing the amount of activity in these sites (Mote, 2013). Even though each school of psychology approaches mental disorders differently, each method of therapy is affective against psychological issues. either school may not be best for everyone though finding a therapy that works for the individuals needs is key.In conclusion abnormal psychology is yet a small branch of the vast tree that is psychology, yet still provides extremely important studies which help ociety define that what is normal. Abnormal Psychology will always be a ever-changing field as is normal psychology it is defined by what society sees as abnormal and normal. A recent example of this could be quirkiness vs. drunk driving, the two as seen in societies eyes have switched from being accepted and unaccepted in the last 60 years. Whichever way society progresses will help better define what truly abnormal behavior is, and with the several schools of thought at its disposal hopefully society can continue help those in need.Abn ormal Psychology EssayThe authors of this study were Sarra Hayes, Colette Hirsche, and Andrew Mathews. It was published in the August 2008 issue of the Journal of Abnormal Psychology. These researchers administered a questionnaire to measure the degree one worries to several students at staff at Kings College London in the United Kingdom. Among these participants, 32 people were selected for the study. This group was divided between those who worried often (high worriers) and those who rarely interlaced (low worriers). The groups were then given a key pressing task in which they had to hit any key as soon as they comprehend a beep.These participants were also asked to fill out a thought pass judgment scale to find out what kinds of constructive thoughts they were having during the task. Finally, the groups were also given a makeweight task to reduce any carryover effect a previous trial of the key pressing task may have had. The researchers reason out that those who worried the most were more distracted from even the simplest task of collision a random key when one hears a beep. Positive thoughts, however, did not seem to be as distracting. In the end, the researchers found that working storage is negatively affected by worrying.See more Social Satire in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn EssayThis study struggled with a major weakness of an exceptionally small sample size, but it remains valuable because it surveyed a nonclinical sample. The participants be a sample of people who worried, but did not demonstrate levels of anxiousness that disturbed their everyday functioning. While I do not believe any of the participants in this study were harmed or endangered, I would not have wanted to participate in this research. I do not make love tedious tasks and I am quick to identify the role of filler activities in a study.The key pressing task seems relatively dense and I prefer research that has a more direct and positive impact in the lives of othe rs. Since I think that the findings do contribute to our correspondence of how humans are able to balance worrying with their other cognitive tasks, I do see the value in this study. I would be interested to hear how the researchers might propose preventing worrying or helping those chronic worriers utilize their memories more effectively. Works Cited Hayes, Sarra, Hirsch, Colette, and Mathews, Andrew. Restriction of Working stock Capacity During Worry. Journal of Abnormal Psychology August 2008 712-717.