Final Exam

Final ExamAnswer to Question 1 . Generally rational extract hypothesis rests on the assumption that singulars ar rational , that is , decision-making is loosely based on the ability of a person to matter cost and benefits . The main propositions of the theory are as follows : 1 ) when choosing an option , the rational individual go forth of course engage the option where benefits outweigh costs , 2 ) when the options will meet costs only to the individual , the individual will course choose the option that minimizes costs , 3 ) when the individual is glide path with options that offer short and long-term benefits , the individual almost always will choose the option that offers long-term benefits , 4 ) and relationships are formed because of the utility of the relationship albeit in the calculation of costs and benefits . Cornish and Clarke (1986 ) describe abuse as an event or series of events that occurs when an individual risks breaking the law , considering his /her own contingencies , beliefs , and habitual mood . In this application of rational choice theory to the study of offense , an individual naturally weighs the costs of the crime to its potency benefits . The costs are as follows : 1 ) the luck of being captured , 2 ) the degree of the penalty , 3 ) and the probable loss of trust to many people . The benefits are as follows : 1 ) the value gained from committing the crime , 2 ) links with other wrongdoers created , 3 ) and immediate worth or price of the determine gained . Here the offender will try to discern the potential degree of each cost and benefits . If the costs outweigh the benefits the offender will naturally minimize the costs by employing strategies to invalidate capture . In the case of would-be offenders , they will naturally deter from committing the act . The response of government agencies then will naturally focus on crime-prevention . The goal is to reduce the likelihood that a would-be offender to commit crime .

In this case , the agencies snarly will institute severe penalties , in this case death penalty to achieve that goal . For the agencies involved , death penalty is a costly risk for a would-be offender hence he /she will be prevented from committing a criminal actAnswer to Question 2 . Labeling theory is relatively a new field in sociology . It can be said that it is rooted from symbolic inter proceedingism . Symbolic interactionism posits that each individual creates images of his /her environment based on his /her interpretation of it . Labeling theory is an approach of symbolic interactionism that focuses more on deviance . According to a variant of this approach (some sociologists argue that this is not an approach , quite a new theory on social action , people engage in rule-breaking behavior because they perceived themselves as different from the rule-abiding members of the society (Becker , 1963 . It can be said that they are morally in conflict with the mainstream society . Hence they are termed as outsiders This first step is called primary deviance . The import step involves making a career out of crime . The people involved usually accept the deviant...If you want to watch a full essay, order it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com

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