.

Wednesday, October 31, 2012

An outline of the 2001

 

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In conclusion, we can see that the narrative of 2001: A Space Odyssey is woven together mainly through the use of classical music and imagery. However, we also see that Kubrick uses three main connecting threads as devices for weaving the narrative and underscoring his questions and themes brought up by the film. These three threads are the monoliths, technology and birthdays. Throughout the narrative we are left to reflect upon the mysteries, wonders and limitations of the universe and of human existence. The opening chords of Thus Spake Zarathustra open and close the film, a film in which we have traveled 360 degrees from the dawning of man to the dawning of a higher order of more fully-realized man. A new era of human consciousness has been "born" because of the transformation of technology developed through human intelligence. From primitive man-apes we have evolved to the point where we are able to travel through and exist throughout the universe. The film seems to imply that this historical millennia of evolution bodes well for the future. It is a future that is filled with hope and optimism, but the filmmaker lets us wonder if we will make of it a bright future or a dark one. He also implies the answer to this question is up to the viewer to discover.

 

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Tuesday, October 30, 2012

Uniform Policy for Capital Assets

The costs to invest in an asset may well include closing costs, freight, handling charges, and assembly and installation costs. Annual depreciation for financial reporting allocates the cost over the economic fascinating life of the asset. It must be noted that tax depreciation ways that will permit accelerated price recovery more than periods less than the economic life of an asset aren't correct for financial reporting purposes.

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Joseph Mangan in Insurance Advocate explains that FIFO and LIFO are accounting rules used to prepare financial statements. Specifically, they determine how an accountant values a firm's inventory. The option of LIFO and FIFO inventory valuation affects two products in financial statements: inventory as reported on a Balance Sheet, and the Cost of Goods Sold that may be an expense item from the money statement (Mangan 12). This electronics retailer has chosen to use FIFO as its inventory valuation method. To understand why this can be appropriate, it's critical to look at an selection inventory valuation procedure k



own by its acronym LIFO. The last-in, first-out (LIFO) program of valuing inventories assumes that last-acquired inventories were employed very first in production or sale, and that the first-acquired inventories are being held for future use.

The implications with the choice to use FIFO are complex. It's critical to remember that both inventory valuation ways would create the exact same outcomes if inflation have been non-existent, and, inside situation of this retailer if the prices of computers and personal computer components have been not dropping rapidly. Due to the fact retail costs of computers are falling, FIFO will result in a lower importance of ending inventory and also a greater price of solutions sold. Therefore, FIFO stands out as the far more correct alternative mainly because in periods of declining prices the LIFO accounting program would result in a greater value on ending inventory and lower cost on solutions sold. Therefore, after inventory costs are falling, tax payments are highest under LIFO and lowest under FIFO.



 

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Monday, October 29, 2012

Effects of a history of Discrimination

By examining the question of ?qualifications,' affirmative action includes people who might not ordinarily be included in college, the workplace, or among contractors" (Malveaux 1).

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Contractors face a especially hard time with regards to the difficulty of affirmative action because so many contractors need to win federal, state, and local bids in order to remain economically viable. However, affirmative action legislation mandates that they hire sufficient minority and female employees to satisfy hiring statutes and quotas needed to win federal government awarded contracts. Several contractors argue they must hire less-qualified minorities and women simply in order to fulfill quotas to win government contracts. Other argues that being forced to hire minorities or others in accordance with quotas alone is detrimental to the overall construction market because it inflates costs and injures individuals who might otherwise be utilized in such projects.

The general consensus in between politicians, activist groups, as well as the general public is that despite the efforts created toward increasing equal entry to career and educational opportunities for women and minorities on behalf of affirmative action, women and minorities still face an uneven playing field with regards to equality in these areas. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) recently praised President Clinton, a popular among minorities and women it must be mentioned, because of his powerful words in defense of affirmative action as one on the only approaches of redressing past prejudice and racism when it comes to work and educational opportunities "The Presidents conditions are no quotas and no reverse discrimination, no preference for those who aren't qualified, and once a program has succeeded it must be retired?But the President was roughly applauded when he said, ?Let me be clear: affirmative action has been good for America.' And he left no doubt that the original causes for affirmative action are like race itself ? even now here" (Yette 2). A single only requirements to take into account the simple fact that Republicans opposed the agenda issue of Democrats with regards to an equal day's buy an equal day's work with respect to women and men.

 

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Friday, October 26, 2012

Mangement Problem

Each of the 10 major issues of Les Recontres de Futur are of equal importance for the future of the firm. Some of these elements, however, are far more controversial than others, for example the reengineering of that the firms conducts its business. Other issues tend to be sources of issues in their personal correct unless they're fully explained towards the firm's employees and unless the firm's employees are trained to efficiently implement them. A case in factor inside this context is employee empowerment.

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At the time of this case, late-1993 or early-1994, Novotel management thought how the business was generating great progress in relation to Les Recontres de Futur. Management thought that the firm's main concern at this time was to assure how the momentum generated by Les Recontres de Futur was maintained at the firm. Top management at Novotel, however, had identified some thing that had yet to become imparted towards firm's employees. Top management had identified that Les Recontres de Futur did not represent a one-time transform to prepare Novotel to purpose competitively inside a changing environment. Rather, top management recognized that Novo

 

The answer for was to "change the culture" by reorganizing to assist reengineered processes (Moad, 1993). For example, TI reorganized into "centers of excellence. Instead of focusing on supporting one functional department or specializing in a single technology or platform, these centers now do reengineering on the project-by-project basis. TI also invested heavily in training for workers" (Moad, 1993, p. 25).

Technological advances in data and communication will cause hotels to build dramatic changes during the way they serve and physically accommodate guests. 1 prediction is that interactive computing and multi-media devices will be as commonplace in hotel rooms of the future as present-day remote manage televisions and touch-tone telephones. Guests will want the option of avoiding interaction with hotel support and clerical personnel by utilizing these devices?no additional waiting in line to verify in or out of your hotel room, no delay even though waiting for your hotel operator or some other assistance clerk to answer the telephone to schedule your wake-up call, consume your room support order, or book your restaurant reservation, no must call for far more towels, or to order a shoe shine or dirty laundry pick-up. Rather, the guest can do all of this by touching a few icons on the television screen.

An business need to pick a BPR process when only "radical change" will do (Hyde, 1995, p. 56). You'll find other alter management techniques that can be employed to obtain reorganization or incremental improvement. It's only as soon as major innovation and radical redesign are required that reengineering stands out as the proper choice. Re-engineering also requires rethinking the level of innovation required for organization-wide culture adjust and realignment with the organization infrastructure (Hyde, 1995).

The experience of Texas instruments (TI) is relevant to the issue confronting Novotel in spite on the simple fact that the 2.

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Wednesday, October 24, 2012

Factors of International Retailing Success

The particular U . s . head of state election of 2000 is predicted to possess a important effect about the store industry in the United States. George w. bush, the new president, is anticipated so that you can decree guidelines which are favorable to enterprise. For example, any questionable laws which may have needed retailers to create costly alterations to their amenities to prevent place of work injuries was upset having an predicted savings of vast amounts of money so that you can stores .

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The United States has long been a powerful store atmosphere, and also even though nation will be experiencing a downturn from the economic boom from the 1990's, Western stores can expect to keep to see good opportunity right the following, particularly in boutique-type stores (the particular discount industry in america will be dominated by chains such as Wal-Mart which usually take part by using an global stage, but forex trading has yet to be efficiently permeated through international hyper markets).

Stores withinside South america recognize that it is a young nation, with 12 % from the population between the age range associated with Fourteen and Twenty-four many numerous a lot of ag& 1077;. Manufacturers are particularly popular throughout Mexico, as well as improved globalization implies that young customers in particular are aware of brands through all over the world.

There is the transfer from small, locally held retailers so that you can large global retailers. Wal-Mart (from your United States), Intersection (from France) and also The uk's personal Tesco just about almost most opened up their particular range shops withinside Asia during the The nineteen nineties and also, even though Orientals weren't familiar with this kind of selling, these firms did nicely.

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Tuesday, October 23, 2012

Traditional Strategic Concepts on the E-marketing Concept

At that time, the e-companies that have been founded on strong principles had been the ones that endured although the rest vanished, taking billions of money in capitalization with them.

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That mentioned for ones business side, we can use this article as an illustration of how 3 major on-line bookselling websites use advertising and marketing and how well this works for them. One trouble with this article is how the relative achievement is rated in qualitative terms; we are told, for example, that Amazon.com could be the biggest and most successful in the three, with first-mover rewards including a high level of relationship selling. We are told that the advertising strategy is evaluated having a multi-part tool kit of concepts. What we aren't told, nevertheless (and it have served to solidify the argument) that Amazon will be the biggest and most successful with the three, it uses strong marketing and That's responsible for its having "X" variety more industry share - that is significant simply because potent promotion isn't an end in itself and we need to remember that it, in itself, is often a tool to support produce revenue.

The second look for question: to what extent have the 3 key organizations inside Australian on-line book market adopted a strategic technique from the way they have done business, indicates that a connection will be made among advertising and profitability, but instead it is among marketing and perception from the survey group.

The author proposes a relative evaluation using competitive position maps and justifies this via an examination from the literature. Competitive marketplace positioning is defended and defined as the central feature of the multi-attribute competitive position. Distinctiveness, the author issues out, seems being a neglected area with the new e-tailers because they are "obsessed by the must develop a technological presence and could be giving a smaller amount attention on the promotion nuances associated with these sites." That is an crucial point, because, inside the rush to develop an on-line presence (what the author calls a "me too" mentality), the retailer might be really damaging their very own brand by putting up an insufficient site, or one in which "conflicting messages" are truly sent mainly because the business has incorrectly evaluated the way it markets online. This was illustrated from the conclusion by the illustration of an upscale brick and mortar business using a low price strategy over a web.

Dymocks is often a far better channel manager, using marketing methods that involve the customer, such as a book club that recognizes the potential of developing relationships with customers, and also the internet site is formulated for ease of navigation, greater on the net service, much better returns policy and use of a loyalty club.

Methodology on the discover was to use mixed methods: to qualitatively evaluate the 3 websites having a convenience sample of 151 college students that would be surveyed right after they explored the three websites inside a simulated buying context and then assess the sites in terms of normal user-relevant attributes. The quantitative evaluation would be to use advertising positioning mapping to evaluate the three sites in relationship to each other based on their marketing.



 

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Monday, October 22, 2012

Conceptual Organizational Behavior Theory

Further, examples of its software to different corporations and organizations are provided.

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Population Ecology: Theoretical Foundations

The population ecology of corporations explores the final results of social and historical transformations over a world of firms and the role of organizational population dynamics in shaping social change. This method departs from mainstream theory by shifting focus within the company on the population and from adaptation to selection. (p. 95)

The population ecology approach, in accordance with Hannan (1988) was constructed and developed based upon an analysis of existing look for on the benefits of social conditions and population composition on rates of founding and mortality. This examination revealed that rates of founding and mortality have been primarily shaped by competitive and institutional processes.

Population ecology theory has in particular addressed the areas of organizational boundaries and of organizational change. With regards to boundaries, Hannan (1988) reports that a lot contemporary theory and empirical look for is concerned with companies and their environments.

However, the traditional or conventional approach has been to treat organizations as unitary forms and also the processes inside them as "black boxes;" in other words, these processes are completely without the need of influence from their surrounding environment.

Based over a framework provided by these 2 theoretical models, the discover used census data, trade journal reports, as well as other archival material dating back towards early 1900's, in an work to reconstruct the history and political processes from the occupation. Interviews have been conducted to gather opinions from funeral directors, funeral support association officials, country and federal regulatory agencies, and others, on topics relevant towards development on the occupation. In accordance with Torres (1983), findings contributed to a much better and fuller understanding from the manner wherever professionalism affects the development of numerous organizational types than would were obtained had only a single theoretical model been used.

However, Bernstein (1991) states that what is really required is a design that recognizes the simultaneous final results of environmentally determined problems and of managerial choice will assist to resolve an area of controversy in the research.

(1) Diversity affects the ability of a society to respond to uncertain future changes;

Fields differ in numerous ways: during the nature of authority and their governance systems, in the jurisdiction of belief systems, and in the degree and kind of "structuration." Fields are subject to essential blending and transindustry influences due to the fact they are commonly located in bigger social systems. Thus, institutional theory suggests that population boundaries shift vertically and horizontally more than time in accordance with actions on the country as well as the professions and as a result of the social construction of entrepreneurial beliefs (Scott & Meyer, 1983).

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Human Factors in Management Style Increases Profits

Insulating material efficiency growth has an effect on the power of companies to contend successfully both in domestic as well as worldwide markets. How best to attain productiveness improvement, nevertheless, is an issue of both concern and also challenge. With respect to human source advices, a single issue is the supervision type which is prone to yield the best benefits. Many contemporary theorists have a tendency to favour any participative style, however , there are protesters using this placement, there are numerous types of very effective organizations where the management style just isn't very participative withinside personality. Hence, in this examine, the connection between management style and also efficiency was examined as a method of determining the actual management type or even styles probably to produce large amounts of organizational efficiency inside modern as well as future place of work environments withinside the U . s . economic system.

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The purpose of these studies ended up being to develop information that will assist responsible individuals inside of company constructions to determine the supervision design that may be many productive inside distinctive conditions of their very own businesses. My partner and my spouse and i actually superiors as well as subordinates within the firm. A predicament which frequently happens within company environments is but one when a subordinate can feel either that capable tuning in, or perhaps superiors tend to be uninterested in what is becoming mentioned by subordinates.

An associated circumstance which frequently present in organizations is one by which subordinates believe the organization has specific no-one leader along together using whom they might talk on virtually just about almost every problem, or even who are able to and can offer solutions to their concerns. With this same vein, supervisors may, and often do, assume which subordinates aren't in reality playing whatever they the actual supervisorssay. In making this kind of supposition, nonetheless, management usually neglect to knowingly realize that a good swap of information is necessary inside the company atmosphere, instead of the onesided imparting of information.

The capability of the person to produce the girl, his / her, or even the tastes for business actions known to the business is the 5th condition. Available techniques need details feedback, feedback, and a html code method. Without having negative feedback, any anatomy's constant state fades away, it's limits disappear, and the method passes away. The law of conservation of energy in order to be able for you to help police criminal public charge selective information allows organizations to be characterized by balance. Open "methods move in the actual direction regarding difference". Businesses transfer in the direction of differentiation though elevated specialization. Open techniques are characterized by equifinality, which simply means presently right now generally at this time now certainly , truth be told furthermore in that respect so here can be found many different routes by which a company might get through to the exact identical last vacation spot. The particular nominal party technique is an organization making decisions method which usually seeks general opinion inside an surroundings regarding mutuality.

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Thursday, October 18, 2012

Marcel Duchamp

Duchamp was associated with Dadaist and Surrealist painters in the 1920s and 1930s, while later in life one of the most he would admit to was that some of his work emerged "in the exact same spirit" as Dadaism (Cabanne 56). His painting Nude Descending a Staircase, famously rejected by a famously avant-garde Paris art salon in 1912 and subsequently, controversially valorized by the New York Armory Show in 1913, was extensively considered decisively representative of Cubism, if not foundational for ones whole of 20th-century contemporary art. But why it was foundational is instructive as well:

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He was merely experimenting, seeing no virtue to create a habit of any a single style. He was outside artistic tradition not merely in shunning repetition but also in not attempting a prolific output or normal exhibition of his work. . . . A widely held belief is that Duchamp introduced in [Nude] a dimension of irony, nearly a mockery of painting itself, that was over anyone could bear and that undermined his own belief in painting. The title alone was a joke that was resented. Even the Cubists did their finest to flatter the eye, but Duchamp's only motive seemed to become provocation ("Duchamp").

What is relevant about Nude for this look for is that its creation, presentation, and reception marked the beginning of the pattern to Duchamp's task that was nothing so significantly being a departure from pattern.

They are the unsung aids that allow us to complete the jobs of maintaining home and body, so that we are better prepared to complete our other work, like doing art, such as (Molesworth 51).

According to Naumann, the Society then proceeded not to withdraw Fountain altogether but rather to display it a lot more or a smaller amount out of sight. Naumann explains:

The paradox on the readymade, which Duchamp formulates as irony, is that it is art on the degree the artist can make a situation for it. The case is made via context, original intent, and performance or exhibition. A readymade might be stated to fuse the material, formal, and efficient reasons to occur at a purposeful presentation. But that presentation itself, specifically if it's available with ironic intent, interrogates the very concept of what constitutes art; Ades, Cox, and Hopkins (152) say that the readymades have been conceived like a "challenge by example [to] modern-day assumptions for the nature of artistic creation," in addition to an activity in "expos[ing] the role of institutions and social groups in defining what counts as art." Along the same lines, Molesworth sees the influence from the readymade in general as obtaining "done a lot more to reorganize aesthetic categories than any other twentieth-century art practice." The created objects "made it clear that he thought of 'Art' was produced contextually" (Molesworth 51).

Duchamp's reputation as an established, daring, and respected artist, and also the emerging environment of experimental, modernist art, can also be observed being a core contextual element for any art that he may well have produced in his New York Period. Thus you are able to speculate that after in 1917 he submitted to a Society exhibition a readymade under the name of R. Mutt, and titled Fountain.

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Wednesday, October 17, 2012

Japanese Art on Claude Monet

It was in 1853 that Commodore Perry opened the door of trade towards West in Japan. In 1862 in Paris a shop known as "La Jonque Chinoise" was opened on the Rue de Rivoli. It sold Oriental art to collectors, for instance Degas and Monet. Monet and also the Impressionists had been greatly interested from the Oriental composition of Japanese woodblock prints. The use of strong and expressive lines, so necessary to a print created from carved wood, puts a brand new emphasis on drawing. Flat areas of color produced powerful patterns and contrasts. In fact, Monet had a Japanese bridge created at Giverny. Quite a few of his paintings show the bridge in a composition inspired by Japanese work. In April, 1890 a major exhibit of Japanese prints was held at L'Ecole des Beaux-Arts. Quite a few Parisian artists attended. Degas, Cassatt, Monet and Van Gogh had been influenced by Japanese art.

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The French fascination with Japanese Art and culture appears to correlate with the Meiji Era in Japan (1868-1912). At this time, the Japanese had all but lost interest inside the exact same conventional arts that the French seemed to retain so dearly. One in the catchphrases from the Meiji Era was "catch up on the West and overtake it." Then, since it emerged from virtually 250 many years of self-imposed international isolation, Japan set itself over a course of modernization that entailed emulating the West. European nations had empires, which was a thing that Japan wanted too.

This idea of "Japanism", coupled on the truth that leisure itself had come to be a bit of the commodity in Paris, looks to go far in explaining the Impressionist painters' fascination with Japanese cultures. While they themselves were not regarded working class, it was impossible, in Paris, to avoid the a smaller amount desirable side of Parisian life. Though major thoroughfares have been smartened up, the back and side streets of Paris remained cramped and dirty. Poverty was rampant, and not merely for your working class. The artists, then, wanted to present a lighter side of life for the public?one which the element of Japanese influence undoubtedly proffered. A reason for their treatment of such subjects may had been commercial. To be able to appeal on the art buying public, which have been invariably not working, but middle and upper class, they needed to render images that their clients could relate to. These images would not be of hard-working labourers but pleasant, sunny, accessible scenes to which they could associate.

As an afterthought, Monet took a important view of this jobs (La Japonaise), calling it a concession to the well-liked taste of its time. Nonetheless, we can see echoes here of the fascination how the exotic held for Monet and his contemporaries.

Bold national policies had been implemented, and every facet of Japanese life was transformed.

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Tuesday, October 16, 2012

Contribution of African Music

The African Hunter kind could be the music with the San from the southwestern Africa and also the African Pygmies dispersed throughout Africa. The African Hunter variety is characterized by the use of: "falsetto, yodeling, hocketing (a program in which the melodic line is distributed between several voices), disjunct melody (wide skips during the melodic line), and dense texture represented by polyphony, several vocal timbres in hocket, and solo voices which sometimes emerge as leading melodic indicators" (Merriam, 1982, p. 138). The music from the Nguni peoples (Zulu, Swazi, Xhosa, etc.) is characteristically Black African. However, its variations include: "lack of the steady tempo, slow movement, the presence of spoken recitative, powerful portamento (sliding from a single note to the next), large but flaccid sound, and extremely dense texture" (139). In general, the music areas of Africa consist of similar stylistic features in the big central core, marked differences in sort during the north and northeast, and variant forms within the south (139).

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The well-known denominator of African music is its central functionality both in terms with the community and the individual. Music is often a celebration of life and its a number of passages. Once an African baby is born, the event is accompanied by conventional songs, dances, and rituals. Even before the birth with the child, once the mother visits the witch doctor relating to the child's delivery, unique incan

 

Chordophones are stringed instruments. The main four subcategories of cordophones are lutes, lyres, zithers, and harps. The most common representation of chordophones in Black Africa will be the musical bow. Another popular instrument could be the stringed-bow lute of western Sudan and East Africa. Cordophones are ubiquitous, "plucked lutes, lyres, harps, and numerous kinds of zithers abound, specially in East Africa" (Merriam, 1982, p. 146).

Kebede, Ashenafi. Roots of Black Music. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1982.

The intimate union between music and African life has been described like a "total communion" (Bebey, 1975, p. 12). The totality of this union is demonstrated by the truth that in some African languages no word exists to define what music is. Music is an expression of African life: "The art of music is so inherent in man that it is superfluous to obtain a particular name for it" (p. 12).

The musical instruments applied by African musicians reinforce the contrast in the musical traditions of African and Western societies. The goal on the African musician just isn't to imitate nature, but to incorporate natural sounds into his or her music (Bebey, 1975, p. 3). The result may sound disharmonious to Western ears, but for the African each sound carries a specific meaning. A wide amount of musical instruments is applied by the African musician. Every is individually crafted and made from natural materials indigenous towards surrounding community. Since mass-production of instruments is rare in Africa, each instrument bears the particular stamp of its creator: "Generally, speaking each musician creates his very own instrument to suit his unique specific tastes. He also 'teaches' the instrument the language it'll 'speak,' which is, of course, the musician's personal mother tongue" (p. 40).

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Monday, October 15, 2012

Architecture of ancient Rome

The formerly democratic institutions and open immigration policies started to rigidify into quasi-imperial institutions. Own and corporate wealth elevated as did contacts with foreign countries, and these factors have been reflected in the increasing preoccupation with personalized architecture, including houses and funerary needs. These centuries, whilst witnessing the development of prestigious architectural developments in areas colonized by Alexander the Great, also saw a lessening from the Greek artistic vision, which she had so generously exported to her subjects. Greek architecture and art started in these centuries to reflect an orientalized influence and also the former unity of Greek architecture waned.

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The proportion, that may be so evident in Greek architecture, was based on mathematical precepts, according to C.A. Doxiadis, who analyzed Greek architecture in terms of proportions based

on geometrical discoveries in the Pythagoreans. This cult assigned particular angles with specific gods: "the 60 degree angle with Rea, Demeter, Hera and Hestia; the 150 degree angle with Zeus." Doxiadis gives many charts and tables in the public buildings with their angles broken down into mathematical formulae in support of his thesis that Greek architecture, specifically temple architecture, was created being a series of angles reflecting religious and philosophical values in the era. Whether or not one accept his thesis, it ought to be agreed that Greek architecture embodie

 

Since the Greek technique of construction dictated that all openings be flat at the top, as witnessed inside the square heads of windows and doors, the columns and portico provided required relief in the sun. The openings made for doors and windows in otherwise solid walls had been covered with a "stone or marble

s to many, the essence of harmonious proportion.

of plan to environment . . . as soon as endless pains had been taken to prepare and utilize a difficult site."

Having surveyed components of Greek housing, it is going to be

Excavations of houses with the Minoan period in Crete reveal a technique of construction and planning detail that have been advanced. Houses customarily contained over one story and had been divided into separate rooms of a rectangular shape. Even in incredibly early excavations, the evidence of flooring is apparent, whether plaster or flagstones. The early Aegean process of communicating rooms side by side on the megaron or hearthroom was followed on Crete.

The development of additional sophisticated housing on a Greek mainland was slow. The Greek citizen, who was often a male, simply because women had few legal rights, viewed his household as a retreat away in the activity from the City. He went from his home early during the day and came back late, seldom utilizing his household for entertainment. The private character of Greek family members life was therefore reflected inside the Greek home.

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